Carbonaceous species

d i a m o n d
state material data range (micron) reference (and link)
cryst. diamond n visual Martens (1902) Ann. Phys. 8, 463
cryst. diamond n,k 0.23 - 0.64 Peter (1923) Z. Phys. 15, 358
cryst. diamond k infrared Lax, Burstein (1955) Phys. Rev. 97, 39
cryst. diamond abs. visual Custers, Raal (1957) Nature 179, 268
cryst. diamond transm. . Clark (1959) J. Phys. Chem. Sol. 8, 481
cryst. diamond band struct. . Kleinmann, Phillips (1959) Phys. Rev. 116, 880
cryst. diamond band struct. . Kleinmann, Phillips (1960) Phys. Rev. 117, 460
cryst. diamond refl. 0.09 - 0.16 Nelson, Crocker (1960) Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 5, 431
cryst. diamond abs.c. infrared Hardy, Smith (1961) Phil. Mag. 6, 1163
. diamond transm. 2.5 - 13 Charette (1962) Proc. Intern. Cong. Diamonds Ind., Paris
cryst. diamond n,k; e1,2 [fig] 0.05 - 0.22 Philipp, Taft (1962) Phys. Rev. 127, 159.
cryst. diamond ext.c. UV - vis. Clark et al. (1964) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A277, 312
cryst. diamond n,k 0.04 - 0.44 Philipp, Taft (1964) Phys. Rev. A136, 1445
. diamond n visual von Rosch (1965) Opt. Acta 12, 253
cryst. diamond refl. vis. Roberts, Walker (1967) Phys. Rev. 161, 730
. diamond n visual Vishnevskij, Malogolovetz (1973) Dokl. Akad. Nauk USSR A35, 892
. diamond n visual Bartoshinskii et al. (1975) Miner. Sb. Lvov 29, 24
synth. diamond abs. infrared Malogolovets, Petrusa (1980) Sverhtverdye Materialy 6, 11
cryst. diamond n 2.5 - 25 Edwards, Ochoa (1981) J. Opt. Soc. Am. 71, 607
cubic C (diamond) n,k [tab] (c!) 0.04 - 20 Edwards, Philipp (1985) in Palik E. (ed) Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids. Acad. Press, p.665.
cryst. (IS) diamond e1,2 . Lewis et al. (1987) Nature 326, 160
cryst. (IS) diamond e1,2 [fig] 0.1 - 10 Lewis et al. (1989) Nature 339, 117.
cryst. (IS) diamond e.e.l. . Bernatowicz et al. (1990) Astrophys. J. 359, 246.
amor. diamond e1,2 [fig] 0.031 - inf-ty Xiong et al. (1993) Phys. Rev. B48, 8016.
. diamond-like Qext/a [fig] 2.5 - 25 Colangeli et al. (1994) Astron. Astrophys. 284, 583.
cryst. (IS) diamond transm. [fig] 2.3 - 18 Koike et al. (1995) Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 277, 986.
cryst. (IS) diamond m.abs.c. 0.2 - 500 Mutschke et al. (1995) Astrophys. J. 454, L157.
. (IS) diamond abs. [fig] 2.5 - 200 Hill et al. (1997) Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 32, 713.
. (IS) diamond abs.spectra [fig] 0.19 - 0.82; 2.5 - 25 Andersen et al. (1998) Astron. Astrophys. 330, 1080.
cryst. diamond opt.const. 0.04 - 20 Djurisic, Li (1998) Appl. Opt. 37, 7273
g r a p h i t e
. graphite DC cond. . Primak (1956) Phys. Rev. 103, 544
. graphite refl. infrared Boyle, Nozieres (1958) Phys. Rev. 111, 782
. graphite e.e.l. . Ichikawa (1958) Phys. Rev. 109, 653
. graphite refl. visial McCartney, Ergan (1958) Fuel 37, 272
. graphite cond. (T) . Soule (1958) Phys. Rev. 112, 698
. graphite e.e.l. . Nozieres, Pines (1959) Phys. Rev. 113, 1254
. graphite e.struct. . Haering, Mrozowski (1960) Prog. Semicond. v.5, Wiley, N.Y., p.273
. graphite e.e.l. . Leder, Suddeth (1960) J. Appl. Phys. 31, 1422
. graphite DC cond. . Klein (1962) J. Appl. Phys. 33, 3338
. graphite . vis. - near IR Nelson (1962) Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 7, 332
cryst. graphite abs. 0.21 - 0.55 Ergun, McCartney (1963) Proc. 5th conf. Carbon. Pergam., NY, v.2, p.167
. graphite e.struct. . Dresselhaus, Mavroides (1964) IBM J. Res. Dev. 8, 262
cryst. graphite n,k; e1,2 [fig] 0.11 - 0.3 Carter et al. (1965) Phys. Rev. A137, 639.
cryst. graphite e1,2 [fig] 0.048 - inf-ty Taft, Philipp (1965) Phys. Rev. A138, 197.
. graphite eo [fig] visual Lenham, Treherne (1966) Observ. 86, 36
. graphite band struct. . Bassani, Parravicini (1967) Nuov. Cim. 50, 95
. graphite ext. [fig] 0.35 - 0.65 Donn et al. (1968) Astrophys. J. 154, 135.
. graphite n,k [fig] 10 - 200 Sato (1968) J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 24, 489
. graphite e.e.l. . Zeppenfeld (1968) Z. Phys. 211, 391
cryst. graphite n,ko,e [fig] 0.25 - 0.62 Greenaway et al. (1969) Phys. Rev. 178, 1340.
. graphite e . Daniels et al. (1970) Mod. Phys. 54, 77
. graphite e.e.l. . Painter, Ellis (1970) Phys. Rev. B1, 4747
. graphite e1,2 o,e 0.2 - 0.6 Tosatti, Bassani (1970) Nuov. Cim. 65B, 161
. graphite e.e.l. . Zeppenfeld (1971) Z. Phys. 243, 229
. graphite (?) ext. [fig] 0.11 - 0.5 Day, Huffman (1973) Nature Phys. Sci. 243, 50
. graphite e1,2 o,e [fig] 0.03 - 0.41 Klucker et al. (1974) Phys. Stat. Sol. B 65, 703.
. graphite e X-rays Hagemann et al. (1975) J. Opt. Soc. Am. 65, 742
cryst. graphite e1,2 o,e [fig] 0.03 - 1.2 Venghaus (1975) Phys. Stat. Sol. B 71, 609.
. graphite n,k 0.4 - 0.7 Kwiecinska et al. (1977) J. Microsc. 109, 289
. graphite e1,2 [fig] (c) 20 - 200 Huffman (1977) Adv. Phys. 26, 129
. graphite reflo,e infrared Nemanich et al. (1977) Sol. St. Comm. 23, 117
. graphite abs. infrared Philipp (1977) Phys. Rev. B16, 2896
. graphite e1,2 e [fig] 2.5 - 83 Venghaus (1977) Phys. St. Sol. B 81, 221
. graphite n,k 0.63; 10.3 Tsu et al. (1978) Sol. Stat. Comm. 27, 507
. graphite refl. infrared Misu et al. (1979) J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 47, 199
. graphite powder n,k [fig] 3 - 14 Tomaselli et al. (1981) Appl. Opt. 20, 3961.
cryst. graphite m.abs.c. [fig] 25 - 250 Tanabe et al. (1983) Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. 35, 397.
. graphite e1,2 o,e [fig] 0.08 - 1300 Draine, Lee (1984) Astrophys. J. 285, 89.
. graphite e1,2 o,e [tab] 0.0228 - 2000 Draine (1985) Astrophys. J. Suppl. 57, 587.
. graphite refl. infrared Bowers et al. (1987) Appl. Opt. 26, 4625
. graphite e.e.l. . Bernatowicz et al. (1990) Astrophys. J. 359, 246.
cryst. graphite n,ko,e [tab] (c!) 0.03 - 62 Borghesi, Guizzetti (1991) in Palik E. (ed) Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, II. Acad. Press., p.449.
. graphite e1,2 o,e [fig] 0.001 - 1.24 (103) Laor, Draine (1993) Astrophys. J. 402, 441.
cryst. graphite n,k [fig] 0.04 - 9 Papoular et al. (1993) Astron. Astrophys. 270, L5.
cryst. graphite refl. [fig] 0.04 - 0.8 Guillois et al. (1994) AIP Conf. Ser. 312, 817.
. graphite energy depos. (a) [f+t] 10-6 - 0.12 Dwek, Smith (1996) Astrophys. J. 459, 686.
c o a l s,   k e r o g e n s
. coal abs. UV - vis. van Krevelen (1958) Nature 181, 640
. coal n,k visual van Krevelen (1961, 1993) Coal. Elsevier, Amsterd.
. charcoal powder n,k [fig] 3 - 14 Tomaselli et al. (1981) Appl. Opt. 20, 3961.
. coal refl. (T) . Stach et al. (1982) Textbook of Coal Petrology. Berlin, p.216
. coal spectra . Mortera, Low (1983) Carbon 21, 283
. kerogen n,k 0.15 - 40 Khare et al. (1990) NASA Conf. Ser. 3077, 340
. kerogens abs. [fig] around 3.4 Ehrenfreund et al. (1991) Astron. Astrophys. 252, 712.
. coal abs. 0.04 - 0.7 Papoular et al. (1991) Astron. Astrophys. 247, 215
. coal abs. [fig] 12 - 37 Sourisseau et al. (1992) Astron. Astrophys. 254, L1.
. coals n,k [fig] 0.04 - 0.9 Papoular et al. (1993) Astron. Astrophys. 270, L5.
. coal spectra . Solomon et al. (1993) Fuel 72, 587
. coals abs. [fig] 2.5 - 20 Ellis et al. (1994) AIP Conf. Ser. 312, 817.
. coals abs.c. (T) [fig] infrared Guillois et al. (1994) Astron. Astrophys. 285, 1003.
. coals refl. [fig] 0.05 - 0.8 Guillois et al. (1994) AIP Conf. Ser. 312, 817.
quenched carbonaceous composite
. g-QCC abs. . Sakata et al. (1983) Nature 301, 493
. QCC transm. (T) [fig] 2.5 - 15 Sakata et al. (1984) Astrophys. J. 287, L51.
oxidized f-QCC abs. [fig] 2 - 15 Sakata et al. (1987) Astrophys. J. 320, L63.
oxidized f-QCC abs. [fig] around 3.3 Sakata et al. (1990) Astrophys. J. 353, 543.
. f-QCC ext. (T) [fig] 0.2 - 0.7 Sakata et al. (1994) Astrophys. J. 430, 311.
. QCC . UV Wada et al. (1998) Astron. Astrophys. 339, L61
hydrogenated amorphous carbon
amor. HAC film cond. . Meyerson, Smith (1980) Sol. St. Phys. 34, 531
amor. HAC film abs. [tab] 0.2 - 20 Dischler et al. (1983) Appl. Phys. Lett. 42, 636.
amor. HAC film e.e.l. . Fink et al. (1983) Sol. St. Comm. 47, 687
amor. HAC n,k; e1,2 [fig] 0.18 - 2.5 McKenzie et al. (1983) Phil. Mag. B48, 341
amor. HAC film e2 [fig] 0.04 - inf-ty Fink et al. (1984) Phys. Rev. B30, 4713.
amor. HAC film n,k [tab] 0.26 - 0.83 Smith (1984) J. Appl. Phys. 55, 764.
amor. HAC n,k [f+t] 0.17 - 2.5 Savvides (1986) J. Appl. Phys. 59, 4133.
amor. HAC film abs.c. [fig] 0.16 - 20 Ogmen, Duley (1988) Astrophys. J. 334, L117.
. HAC abs. 0.16 - 20 Orzeszko et al. (1988) J. Appl. Phys. 64, 2611
. HAC abs. . Shimozuma et al. (1989) J. Appl. Phys. 66, 447
. HAC e.e.l. . Bernatowicz et al. (1990) Astrophys. J. 359, 246.
amor. HAC n,k [t+f] 0.12 - 2.5 Alterovitz et al. (1991) in Palik E. (ed) Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids. II. Acad. Pres., p.837.
amor. HAC film abs. UV - nearIR Dasgupta et al. (1991) Phys. Rev. B43, 2131
amor. HAC transm. (T) [fig] 2.5-12.5 Chou (1992) J. Appl. Phys. 72, 2027.
amor. HAC ext. [fig] 0.2 - 0.3 Blanco et al. (1993) Astrophys. J. 406, 739.
amor. HAC film k,e2 (T) [f+t] 0.3 - 1.25 Chou, Wang (1993) J. Appl. Phys. 74, 4673.
amor. HAC ext. [fig] 0.05 - 0.3 Colangeli et al. (1993) Astrophys. J. 418, 435.
amor. HAC film transm. 0.1 - 2.5 Compagnini et al. (1993) J. Non-Cryst. Sol. 162, 237
amor. HAC film n,k (xH) [fig] 0.1 - 2.5 Compagnini (1994) Appl. Opt. 33, 7377.
amor. HAC film e1,2 (xH) [fig] 0.02 - 1 Curro et al. (1994) Phys. Rev. B49, 8411.
amor. HAC ext. [fig] 0.2 - 0.3 Muci et al. (1994) Astrophys. J. 436, 831.
amor. HAC m.ext.c. [tab] 0.04 - 2000 Colangeli et al. (1995) Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. 113, 561.
amor. HAC ext. [fig] 0.04 (0.19) - 0.8 Mennella et al. (1995) Astrophys. J. 444, 288.
amor. HAC n,k [t+f] 0.04 - 2000 Zubko et al. (1996) Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 282, 1321.
amor. HAC abs. (xH); n,k [fig] 0.2 - 0.6 Schnaiter et al. (1998) Astrophys. J. 498, 486.
amor. HAC abs. (xH) [fig] 2 - 20 Schnaiter et al. (1998) Astrophys. J. 498, 486.
. HAC . . Koos et al. (1998) SPIE 3573, 328
. IS HAC analog n,k [fig] 0.3 - 1 Furton et al. (1999) Astrophys. J., Dec.1.
a m o r p h o u s   c a r b o n
arc-evap. carbon film k vis. Cosslett, Cosslett (1957) Brit. J. Appl. Phys. 8, 374
evap. carbon e1,2 visual Otto (1965) Z. Phys. 185, 232
glas. carbon refl. [fig] 0.048 - inf-ty Taft, Philipp (1965) Phys. Rev. A138, 197.
arc-evap. carbon transm. X-rays Fomichev, Zhukova (1968) Opt. Spektr. 24, 147
. soot n,k infrared Foster, Howarth (1968) Carbon 6, 719
arc-evap. carbon film . infrared Mizushima, Fujibayashi (1968) Carbon 6, 123
amor. carbon abs. [fig] 0.36 - 0.7 Lefevre (1970) Astron. Astrophys. 5, 37.
amor. carbon transm., abs. [fig,appr] 2.5 - 3300 Blea et al. (1970) J. Opt. Soc. Am. 60, 603.
. soot n,k vis. Bergstrom (1972) Atmos. Environ. 6, 247
amor. carbon . vis - nearIR Jungk, Lange (1972) Phys. Stat. Sol. B 50, K71
arc-evap. carbon film . . Levy-Mannheim, Mering (1972) Carbon 10, 505
glas. carbon n,k [t+f] 0.015 - inf-ty Williams, Arakawa (1972) J. Appl. Phys. 43, 3460.
amor. carbon . . Borghesi et al. (1975) Infr. Phys. 23, 85
amor. carbon abs.c. [fig] 200 - 5000 Tanner et al. (1975) Phys. Rev. B11, 1330.
glas. carbon n,k [fig] 0.33 - 2.07 Arakawa et al. (1977) J. Appl. Phys. 48, 3176.
arc-evap. carbon n,k [t+f] 0.33 - 2.07 Arakawa et al. (1977) J. Appl. Phys. 48, 3176.
amor. carbon ext. [fig] 0.13 - 0.8 Stephens (1980) Astrophys. J. 237, 450.
amor. carbon Qext/a 0.21 - 340 Koike et al. (1980) Astrophys. Sp. Sci. 67, 495.
. soot n,k [fig] 3 - 14 Tomaselli et al. (1981) Appl. Opt. 20, 3961.
amor. carbon Qabs/a 2.5 - 40 Borghesi et al. (1983) Infr. Phys. 23, 85
amor. carbon ext. 0.05 - 0.3 Colangeli et al. (1983) Astrophys. J. 168, 349.
glas. carbon n,k UV - IR Edoh (1983) Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Arizona
amor. carbon m.abs.c. [fig,appr] 25 - 250 Tanabe et al. (1983) Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. 35, 397.
amor. carbon n,k [t+f] 0.12 - 1 Duley (1984) Astrophys. J. 287, 694.
arc-evap. carbon transm. infrared Knoll, Geiger (1984) Phys. Rev. B29, 5651
arv-evap. carbon film n,k [t+f] 0.02 - 2.5 Arakawa et al. (1985) Phys. Rev. B31, 8097.
amor. carbon Qext/a [t+f] 0.2 - 40 Borghesi et al. (1985) Astron. Astrophys. 142, 225.
amor. carbon Qext/a [t+f] 0.19 - 2.5 Maggipinto et al. (1985) Astrophys. Sp. Sci. 108, 101.
amor. carbon ext. 0.05 - 0.3 Colangeli et al. (1986) Astron. Astrophys. 168, 349.
amor. carbon Qext/a [tab] 0.12 - 289 Bussoletti et al. (1987) Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. 70, 257.
glas. carbon . . Hanner (1988) NASA Conf. Publ. 3004, 22
amor. carbon n,k [t+f] 1 - 290 Maron (1990) Astrophys. Sp. Sci. 172, 21.
amor. carbon Qabs/a 40 - 1000 Blanco et al. (1991) Infr. Phys. 31, 167
amor. carbon n,k [t+f] 0.0004 - 300 Rouleau, Martin (1991) Astrophys. J. 377, 526.
amor. carbon ext. [fig] 0.1 - 0.3 Colangeli et al. (1992) Astrophys. J. 392, 284.
amor. carbon ext. [fig] 0.05 - 0.3 Colangeli et al. (1993) Astrophys. J. 418, 435.
amor. carbon n,k [tab] 0.105 - 800 Preibisch et al. (1993) Astron. Astrophys. 279, 577.
amor. carbon n,k [fig] 0.1 - 2.5 Compagnini (1994) Appl. Opt. 33, 7377.
amor. carbon ext. [fig] 0.2 - 0.38 Muci et al. (1994) Astrophys. J. 436, 831.
amor. carbon m.ext.c. [tab] 0.04 - 2000 Colangeli et al. (1995) Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. 113, 561.
amor. carbon m.abs.c. [fig] 20 - 2000 Mennella et al. (1995) Astron. Astrophys. 295, 165.
amor. carbon n,k [fig] 2.5 - 25 Roush (1995) Planet. Sp. Sci. 43, 1297.
amor. carbon energy depos. [tab] . Dwek, Smith (1996) Astrophys.J. 459, 686.
amor. carbon ext. 0.2 - 0.4 Schnaiter et al. (1996) Astrophys. J. 464, L187.
. microsoot n,k [t+f] 0.2 - 5 Wallis, Wickramasinghe (1996) Astrophys. Sp. Sci. 240, 55.
amor. carbon n,k [t+f] 0.04 - 2000 Zubko et al. (1996) Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 282, 1321.
amor. carbon n,k (T) [fig] 0.2 - 500 Jaeger et al. (1998) Astron. Astrophys. 332, 291.
amor. carbon abs.c. (T) [fig] 20 - 2000 Mennella et al. (1998) Astrophys. J. 496, 1058.
amor. carbon abs., n,k [fig] 0.2 - 0.6 Schnaiter et al. (1998) Astrophys. J. 498, 486.
amor. carbon abs. [fig] 5 - 20 Schnaiter et al. (1998) Astrophys. J. 498, 486.
Notes:
state: amor. - amorphous, arc-evap. - arc-evaporated (graphite-like?), art. - artificial, cryst. - crystalline, glas. - glassy, IS - interstellar.
data: abs. - absorption, abs.c. - absorption coefficient, cond. - conductivity, e1,2 - dielectric function, e.e.l. - electron energy loss, ext. - extinction, ext.c. - extinction coefficient, m.abs.c. - mass absorption coefficient, n,k - refractive index, o,e - ordinary and extraordinary rays, Qext/a - extinction efficiency/grain size, refl. - reflectance, transm. - transmittance; (T) - dependence on temperature; (xH) - dependence on C/H ratio; [appr] - approximation, [fig] - figure, [tab] - table, [t+f] - table and figure, (c!) - compilation.


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Last modified: 10/06/99, V.I.